After Algeria recognized Ottoman suzerainty, Morocco remained the last independent Islamic state in North Africa. It did not at all seek to fall under the rule of Istanbul, for which…
People tend to represent major movements within Islam as separate denominations, the difference between which is obvious and fixed at the administrative level. But in fact, this is a relatively…
It's easy: a sipah is a mounted warrior, a traditional Turkic cavalryman of the Ottoman Empire, and a timariot is a landowner. He became the first only when he went…
Bayezid II is one of the most forgotten and unpopular Ottoman sultans. It cannot be said that he was a bad warrior or an inept administrator, but the only thing…
Few people remember this now, but the Ottoman Empire began with 500 soldiers who fled from the Mongol invasion, who received lands in Anatolia from the Seljuk sultans. These people…
Historians call the Seljuks a dynasty of Central Asian origin, which reigned in the territory from the Amu Darya to the Mediterranean Sea during the 11th century. It is also…
The situation in Central Asia in the 10th century In the VIII—IX centuries, the most powerful state in the Middle East was the Abbasid Caliphate. In Central Asia, Transoxiana and…
The historical region of Cilicia has existed in the southeast of Asia Minor since ancient times. In the 1st century BC, the Armenian king Tigran II annexed it to his…
The Jalair Mongols who were part of the Hulagu shock troops were not numerous. Therefore, they recruited Turks and other nomads into their tumens, most of them Oghuz. Hulagu (1217…
In 1256, the Mongols began a Western campaign in the Middle East. Hulagu, the brother of the great kagan Mongke, commanded the campaign. In February 1258, with the help of…
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