Чт. Ноя 21st, 2024
Mongolian Jalairids - conquerors of the Persians of Iran and the Arabs

The Jalair Mongols who were part of the Hulagu shock troops were not numerous. Therefore, they recruited Turks and other nomads into their tumens, most of them Oghuz.

Hulagu (1217 — February 8, 1265, Meraghe, Iranian Azerbaijan) was a Mongol ruler and military commander. Grandson of Genghis Khan, son of Tolui and Sorkhakhtani, brother of kaans Mongke and Kublai. The founder of the Hulaguid dynasty, who ruled in the Iranian Ilkhanate he created in the Near East.
The same story happened here as with the Mongols of Jochi Khan, who recruited Kipchak Turks into their tumens.

The Jalair Mongols, as commanders, were able to organize a mass of nomads and lead them to conquer the Arabs and Persians.

One of these nomadic natives in the Hulagu troops was Naiman and the Christian Kitbuka, who reached the Mediterranean Sea. But the truth is that he died there. His image is sacred in the Kazakh spiritual culture as the author of a musical work-kuya «Lame Kulan» (Aksak kulan), which tells about the death of Jochi.

After the conquest of Iran, the defeat of the Arab Abbasids and the treacherous Ismailis, the glorious Zhalairs became the masters of a huge and cultured country from Afghanistan to Iraq. The main khans (or Ilkhans) were the Hulaguids, who firmly held power in their hands until the middle of the 14th century.

But power is always in the hands of those who can hold a sword. The Hulaguids were pampered under the warm sun of Iraq, they were no longer attracted by hiking, but by the languid glances of the Persian women in their harems.

Therefore, since 1335, power has passed into the hands of a new dynasty — the Jalairids. Of course, the fictitious ruler was Hulaguid, who had no real power. But the Zhalairs really ruled on his behalf. However, modern Iranian Azerbaijan immediately separated, where Mongols from the Suldus tribe ruled on behalf of their own Hulaguids, who became the Chobanid dynasty.

Jalairid Hussein became related to the Hulaguids by marrying the daughter of Ilkhan Argun, Oljeytu khatun.

Under the Jalairids, Turks began to flock to Iraq en masse, whom the Mongols gladly recruited into the army. They occupied almost all positions in the Jalairid state, and gradually the Jalair Mongols became Turkicized, changing their Mongolian language to Turkic.

Thus, ruler Ahmed Jalair (died in 1410) is considered one of the founders of Turkic poetry, along with other Azerbaijani poets.

In the end, the Turkic element strengthened in the Jalairid state so much that the Turkomans of the Oguz union of Kara-Koyunlu (black-barred) began to play a major role in the state. They did not have much affection for the Zhalairi, since it was because of the Mongols that they were forced out of Iraq into Asia Minor.

Therefore, when the head of Kara-Koyunlu, Kara Yusuf, helped the Zhalairi liberate Baghdad from Tamerlane’s son Miran Shah, a dispute began between the Turkomans and the Mongols about who was in charge.

The Kara-Koyunly won, who, after killing Jalairid and the poet Ahmed in the battle of Shanbi-Ghazan in 1410, became the rulers of Iraq and Azerbaijan.

For several more decades, the Mongols ruled in Iran, but gradually merged with the local Persian population, which became the main element of this symbiosis. Now the descendants of the Mongols live in Afghanistan and are called Khazarians.

От Screex

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