The History of the Xiongnu — The Beginning of Political Formation
Screex The First Invasion of China by the Xiongnu Chinese chronicles from 822 BC mention the first serious invasion of China by the Xiongnu. It required the mobilization of all the…
The History of the Xiongnu — Conquering the Steppes
Two Communities of the Xiongnu Due to the constant influx of Chinese migrants into the nomadic environment of the Xiongnu, two communities formed among them: One community was traditional and…
History of the Xiongnu — geographical and historical area of origin of the ethnic group
Ancestral homeland of the Xiongnu The origin of the Xiongnu as an ethnic group, which became a political name for the union of nomadic tribes of East Asia of different…
Who lived in Kazakhstan before the Kazakhs?
The word “қазақ,” pronounced more firmly than in Russian, has been known to Turkic nomads since ancient times. It was used to refer to exiles from their tribe who lived…
Why does Iran not recognize the name “Azerbaijanis” and refer to this people as Azerbaijani Turks?
Before the advent and spread of the internet, Iranians of all nationalities and Azerbaijanis did not interact much with each other. Although the latter may have relatives among their fellow…
The last Polovtsian khan. He had a Russian name
The Polovtsian horse hordes, which repeatedly shook the borders of Rus, Byzantium, and Hungary, disappeared from the historical scene after the Mongol invasion. They were partly exterminated and partly assimilated.…
The first Turkic state in Muslim lands. What did the Afghan Ghaznavid Empire bring to the Islamic world?
In the 10th and 12th centuries, a dynasty arose in the Afghan city of Ghazni, which soon united the entire east of the Islamic world under its rule: Afghanistan itself…
The invincible Gazis horsemen. Why the Seljuk heavy cavalry was a nightmare for the armies of the Middle East and how European knights learned to fight them
In 1037, the Turkic Seljuk Empire appeared on the map of the Middle East literally out of nowhere and quickly began to spread its influence. No one could resist the…
Khans of the Golden Horde: Muhammad-Bulyak and Tulyak and the collapse of Mamai’s policy
Muhammad-Bulyak: the splendor and weakness of power Muhammad-Bulyak (who ruled from 1369 to 1380) was a protégé of Karachibek Mamai and ruled mainly in the western part of the Golden…
Khans of the Golden Horde: Khadzhi-Cherkes and Urus against Mamai
Haji-Cherkes: the new khan of Haji-Tarkhan Having practically united the entire western part of the Ulus of Jochi (Golden Horde), Karachibek Mamai faced the same resistance from the main clans…